Table 2 Analysis of semen quality improvement by L-carnitine combined with Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in vitro semen of asthenozoospermia patients for an actual value at the end of the study

Patient (Male) Age (Year)

31 (21, 47)

31 (21, 47)

31 (21, 47)

31 (21, 47)

0

1

The initial concentration of the added drug (mmol/l)

8

4

8,4

–

–

–

The initial volume of the added drug (ml)

2

2

1,1

–

–

–

The final concentration of added drug (mmol/l)

5.3 ± 0.4

2.7 ± 0.2

2.7 ± 0.2, 1.3 ± 0.1

–

–

–

 Incubation time (Minute)

60

60

60

60

0

1

 Incubation temperature (°C)

37

37

37

37

0

1

 Semen volume (ml)

3.0 ± 0.2

3.0 ± 0.2

3.0 ± 0.2

3.0 ± 0.2

0

1

 pH

7.4 ± 0.1

7.4 ± 0.1

7.4 ± 0.1

7.4 ± 0.1

0.25

0.862

 Sperm concentration (10⁶/ml)

15.6 ± 4.2

15.8 ± 4.1

16.5 ± 4.2

16.1 ± 3.8

0.994

0.395

Total sperm number (10⁶)

48.3 ± 14.2

50.1 ± 14.5

47.6 ± 14.6

49.0 ± 13.5

0.658

0.578

  Normal

11 (6, 15)

10 (5, 15)

11 (6, 15)

10 (6, 14)

0.033

0.804

 Progressive sperm motility, %

24.3 ± 4.6^b

23.0 ± 4.8^a

28.4 ± 5.0^c,d,e

19.7 ± 4.4

70.77

< 0.001

 Sperm motility, %

38.1 ± 5.1^b

36.9 ± 4.4^a

43.8 ± 5.4^c,d,e

26.0 ± 4.9

269.29

< 0.001