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Immunocontraception par la prévention de l’interaction gamétique

Immunoinhibition of fertilization by contraceptive vaccine

Andrologie volume 6, pages 274–281 (1996)Cite this article

Resume

L’inhibition de l’action de molécules antigéniques d’origine spermatique ou ovocytaire impliquées dans le processus de la fécondation devient une cible attractive pour l’élaboration de vaccin contraceptif efficace, spécifique et réversible pour les pays en voie de dévéloppement.

Des approches variées à but contraceptif ont été utilisées pour indentifier à partir de spermatozoïdes des antigènes impliqués dans l’interaction gamétique et biologiquement importants. Mais, les travaux les plus avancés sur l’effet immunocontraceptif ne concernent que peu d’antigènes spermatiques comme candidats potentiels. En effet, parmi les antigènes du gamète mâle qui ont été identifiés on trouve l’antigène-1 (FA-1) de nature glycoprotéique, isolé du testicule humain, inhibant la fixation des spermatozoïdes sur la ZP. Mais un tel antigène n’est pas spécifique d’espèce. Chez le lapin, une famille antigénique RSA-1, 2, 3 dont les anticorps anti RSA sont capables d’inhiber la fusion entre la membrane plasmique du spermatozoïde (région post-acrosomique) et la membrane plasmique de l’ovocyte. Au total, la plupart des travaux met en évidence le rôle d’inhibition de la liaison spermatozoïdes-zone pellucide que jouent les anticorps anti-spermatozoïdes. Cependant, seuls deux antigènes spermatiques HS-63 et SP-10 ont été retenus par l’OMS comme candidats potentiels à la contraception.

Abstract

The paper summarize the main data relevant to the obtention of contraceptive vaccines based on spermatozoa as well as zona pellucida antigens. The development of novel forms of contraception is one way in which this global population problems can be tackled. The sperm as well as the oocyte antigens are studied as possible contraceptive vaccine candidates are the subject of this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de Biologie de la Reproduction, Département de Gynéco-Obs, Reproduction humaine, et Médecine foetale, Hôpital Bretonneau, 37044, Tours

    S. Hammah

  2. Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction, Département de Gynéco-Obs, Hôpital mère-Enfant, 44035, Nantes

    M. Jean & P. Barrière

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  1. S. Hammah
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  2. M. Jean
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  3. P. Barrière
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Hammah, S., Jean, M. & Barrière, P. Immunocontraception par la prévention de l’interaction gamétique. Androl. 6, 274–281 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03035281

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03035281

Mots clés

  • immunocontraception
  • contraception
  • antigènes
  • spermatozoïde
  • zone pellucide

Key Words

  • immunoinhibition of fertilization
  • contraceptive vaccine
  • spermatozoon
  • zona pellucida
  • antigens

Basic and Clinical Andrology

ISSN: 2051-4190