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Risque viral lié au virus de l’hépatite C en AMP

Transmission risk of c hepatitis virus in assisted reproductive techniques

Andrologie volume 10, pages 58–65 (2000)Cite this article

Résumé

Nous sommes amenés à prendre en charge en assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP) un nombre croissant de couples dont l’un ou les deux partenaires présente (nt) une infection au virus de l’hépatite C (VHC). Le risque, jusqu’ici théorique, est la transmission du virus à l’enfant conçu en AMP, puis à sa mère, mais aussi celui de la contamination du personnel manipulant les gamètes infectés, ou des gamètes et embryons des couples noninfectés. Dans le but de mieux apprécier le risque de transmission du VHC en AMPvia le sperme d’un patient infertile virémique, nous avons recherché le virus de l’hépatite C (ARN VHC) par amplification génique (RT-PCR) dans le sperme et les différentes fractions obtenues après gradient de centrifugation. La recherche de l’ARN du VHC dans le sperme s’est révélée positive pour 2 patients (2/39) présentant une hépatite C active. La détection de l’ARN VHC dans la fraction de spermatozoïdes mobiles obtenue après sélection en gradient de densité s’est révélée négative dans tous les cas.

Abstract

Medical assistance to procreation in a couple where one or both parents has hepatitis C viral infection (HCV) raises the issue of the transmission of the infection to the baby and/or of possible contamination of both the technicians and the gemetes or embryos from virus-free parents in the laboratory. It becomes essential to assess transmission risk in Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART) in order to clearly define the management of couples according to their viral status. To define the HCV transmissibility risk in ART related to the presence of virus in semen from infected infertile men, RNA HCV-detection was performed in sera, and semen and sperm fractions obtained after Percoll gradient centrifugation. RNA HCV was detected in 5% (2/39) of the semen tested: in the raw semen, in the seminal fluid and in the cell pellet but never after Percoll selection. According to these results, we suggest a strategy for HCV infected infertile men who need ART.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Nord, 42055, Saint Etienne

    R. Levy

  2. Laboratoire de Virologie, Domaine Rochefeller, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08

    J. C. Tardy

  3. Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Nord, 42055, Saint Etienne

    T. Bourlet

  4. Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction et du Développement, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Place d’Arsonval, 69437, Lyon Cedex 03

    H. Cordonier, J. Lornage & J. F. Guerin

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Levy, R., Tardy, J.C., Bourlet, T. et al. Risque viral lié au virus de l’hépatite C en AMP. Androl. 10, 58–65 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03035224

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Basic and Clinical Andrology

ISSN: 2051-4190