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Rôle des facteurs de croissance et cytokines dans le testicule normal et pathologique

Growth factors and cytokines in the physiology and pathology of male gonade

Andrologie volume 7, pages 34–51 (1997)Cite this article

An Erratum to this article was published on 01 June 1997

Resume

L'étude de la stérilité masculine a trouvé depuis 4 ans un regain d'intérêt avec l'avènement d'une nouvelle technique pour le traitement de l'infertilité masculine, l'injection intracytoplasmique d'un spermatozoïde dans l'ovocyte (ICSI). Néanmoins, l'étude des caractéristiques du sperme demeure le maître examen dans l'évaluation de la fertilité masculine. Il constitue le reflet de l'activité testiculaire et des événements post-gonadiques, en particulier, la maturation épididymaire. Ces processus sont pour la plupart, non seulement sous le contrôle du système neuroendocrinien, mais aussi, sous le contrôle de facteurs locaux tels que les facteurs de croissance et les cytokines. Dans cette revue, nous présentons, dans une première partie, les données montrant le rôle crucial que jouent les facteurs locaux sur la formation du testicule fœtal mais aussi sur les fonctions différenciées de la gonade comme la stéroïdogenèse et la spermatogenèse. Dans une seconde partie, nous présentons les données obtenues dans le cadre de l'exploration de l'homme infertile, ainsi que les effetsin vitro des facteurs locaux sur le pouvoir fécondant des spermatozoïdes. Ces dernières données sont encore fragmentaires et l'utilisation des facteurs de croissance et des cytokines dans le domaine des stérilités dites idiopathiques n'en est qu'à ses débuts. Enfin, dans le cadre d'une démarche prospective, nous indiquons quelques voies de recherche qui nous semblent intéressantes concernant l'étude des facteurs de croissance et des cytokines dans les stérilité masculines.

Abstract

Since 4 years ago, intracytoplasmique sperm injection (ICSI) represents a new therapeutic approach of different forms of male sterility including obstructives and spermatogenic failure azzospermia. However, the evaluation of the male infertility begins with the study of semen characteristics particularly sperm count and motility assessment. However, testicular activites are not only under the control of the neuroendocrine system but also under that of local growth factors and cytokines.

In this review, we report, in the first part, the different observations indicating the key role of growth factors and cytokines in the fetal testis development as well as in the differentiated functions, steroidogenesis and gametogenesis. In a second part, we report the data, obtained by different teams, related to the evaluation and/or actions of these factors in infertile men. Moreover, the low number of data related to the use of these factors in order to improve sperm fuction are mentioned. Finally, in a prospective context, we indicate some points which seem of interest for elucidating some aspects of growth factor and cytokine role in fertility/infertility.

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  1. INSERM U 407, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Communications Cellulaires en Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Bât 3 B, 69495, Pierre-Bénite cedex

    C. Mauduit, B. Loras & M. Benahmed

  2. Unité de Biologie de la Reproduction, Département de Gynéco-Obs, Reproduction Humaine et Médecine Fœtale, Hôpital Bretonneau, 37044, Tours

    S. Hamamah

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  1. C. Mauduit
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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03034929.

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Mauduit, C., Hamamah, S., Loras, B. et al. Rôle des facteurs de croissance et cytokines dans le testicule normal et pathologique. Androl. 7, 34–51 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03034518

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Basic and Clinical Andrology

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