Skip to main content
  • Cryptorchide
  • Published:

Cryptorchidie de l’enfant: syndrome ou symptôme?

Cryptorchidism: symptom or syndrom?

Resume

La cryptorchidie de l’enfant est une affection fréquente dont la prise en charge thérapeutique reste discutée. Le diagnostic clinique doit s’assurer du caractère permanent de la cryptorchidie et rechercher l’existence de manifestations associées.

L’exploration endocrinienne devra comporter un dosage de la testostérone plasmatique et un test de stimulation par les HCG. Trois types d’anomalies sont responsables du développement de la cryptorchidie: anomalies anatomiques, histologiques et hormonales.

Le traitement médical, aussi précoce que possible sera, en cas d’échec, suivi d’une orchidopexie chirurgicale.

Le pronostic est dominé par les risques de stérilité et de cancer du testicule.

Abstract

Cryptorchidism is a frequent disease of children whose management remains controversial. Clinical diagnosis of cryptorchidism must assess the permanent location of the testis outside scrotum and must look for associated malformations. Endocrine investigation should include an evaluation of basal plasma testosterone and after an HCG stimulation test. Development of cryptorchidism is due to anatomical, histological and endocrine abnormalities.

Medical treatment should be realised as early as possible. If testis descent does not occur, orchidopexy must be performed. Long-term effects of cryptorchidism are defined by infertility and testis cancer.

References

  1. Berkowitz G.S., R.H. Lapinski, S.E. Dolgin, J.G. Gazella, C.A. Bodian, I.R. Holzman: Prevalence and natural history of cryptorchidism — Pediatrics 1993; 92: 44–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Hadiziselimovic F.: Pathogenesis and treatment of undescended testes — European Journal of Pediatrics 1982; 139: 255–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Hadiziselimovic F.: Treatment of cryptochidism with GnRH — Urol Clini North Am 1988; 9: 413–420.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hutson J.M., Donohue P.K.: The hormonal control of testicular descent — Endocrin Rev 1986; 7: 279–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Job J.C, Pierson M: Endocrinologie pédiatirque et croissance — Flammarion Medecine Sciences 1978.

  6. Martinetti M, Maghnie M Salvaneschi L et al.: Immunogenetic and hormonal study of cryptochidism — J. Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992; 74: 39–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Mengel W, Kecker Wch, Moritz: The treatment of the maldescended testis under special consideration of the moment of surgical treatment — Bierich JR, Rager K, Ranke HB (eds) Maldescensus testis. 1977 Urban et Schwarzenberg, Munchen.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Raffer J, Handelsman D.J., Swerdloff R.S et al.: Hormonal therapy of cryptorchidism — N. Engl. J. Med 1986; 314: 466–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Rappaport R: Cryptochidism in relation to various disorders. Pediatr. Adolesc. Endocr. 1979; 6: 154–159.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Saenger P, O.E. Reiter: Management of cryptochidism — TEM 1992; Vol 3, No 7 249–253.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Saito S, Kumamoto Y: The number of spermatogonia in various congenital testicular disorders — J. Urol 141: 1166–1168.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sultan, C., Lumbroso, S. Cryptorchidie de l’enfant: syndrome ou symptôme?. Androl. 5, 309–316 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03034335

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03034335

Mots clés

Key-Words