- Le Syndrome de Klinefelter
- Published:
Le syndrome de Klinefelter chez l'enfant
The Klinfelter syndrome in children
Andrologie volume 4, pages 283–287 (1994)
Resume
Le syndrome de Klinefelter se caractérise, chez l'adulte, par un ensemble de manifestations cliniques et biologiques typiques. Chez l'enfant, en dépit d'une incidence élevée (1 à 2/1000 garçons nouveau-nés), le syndrome de Klinefelter reste peu diagnostiqué, de par une symptomatologie peu évocatrice: dysmorphie faciale, anomalie des organes génitaux, troubles du langage, avance staturale. Pendant ou après la puberté, ce syndrome est reconnu devant une atrophie testiculaire, constante, une grande taille, une gynécomastie principalement.
Dans la mesure où une androgénothérapie en période pubertaire est susceptible d'améliorer significativement le pronostic péjoratif de ces adolescents, il faut souligner la nécessité de réaliser un diagnostic précoce et une prise en charge en période pubertaire.
Abstract
Klinfelter syndrome was first described in adult males with gynecomastia, azoospermia and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Children with the 47, XXY karyotype demonstrate few clinical findings so Klinefelter syndrome is rarely diagnosed until adult life.
Besides children who have been diagnosed during prenatal genetic testing, in infancy a male with 47, XXY (or variants: 46, XY-47, XXY; 48, XXXY; 48, XXYY, 49, XXXXY) may be found while undergoing evaluation of micropenis, hypospadias, cryptorchidism or facial anomalies. The older child may present with learning disabilities, behavior disorders or tall stature. At the time of puberty, the clinical picture includes small testes, gynecomastia and an eunuchoid habitus. Early diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome must be performed since it has been demonstrated that early treatment with androgens may ameliorate many aspects of the clinical symptoms and attenuate or prevent behavioral and psychiatric disorders associated with 47, XXY males.
Bibliographie
BATTIN J., MALPUECH G., NIVELON JL. et al.: Le Syndrome de Klinefelter en 1993. Ann. Pediatr. (Paris), 1993, 40: 432–437.
GRAHAM JM Jr., BASHIR AS., STARK RE. et al.: Oral and written language abilities of XXY boys: Implications for anticipatory guidance. Pediatrics, 1988, 81: 795–806.
JACOBS PA., HASSOLD TJ., WHIl'rINGTON E. et al.: Klinelfelter's syndrome: An analysis of the origin of the additional sex chromosome using molecular probes. Ann. Hum. Genet., 1988, 52: 93–109.
LUMBROSO S., CHEVALIER C., BELON C. et al.: Klinefelter's syndrome and micropenis: partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS)? Fourth Joint LWPES/ESPE Meeting. San Francisco, June 3–7, 1993. Abstract: Pediatric Res. 1993; 33s: 22.
MILLER ME., SULKES S.: Fire-setting behavior in individuals with Klinefelter syndrome. Pediatrics, 1988, 82: 115–1157.
MANDOKI MW., SUMNER GS., HOFFMAN RP. et al.: A review of Klinefelter's Syndrome in children and adolescents. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatr. 1991, 3: 167–72.
NETLEY C.: Predicting intellectual functioning in 47,XXY boys from characteristics of sibs. Clin. Genet. 1987, 32: 24–27.
NIELSEN J., PELSEN B.: Follow-up 20 years later of 34 Klinelfelter males with karyotype 47,XXXY and 16 hypogonadal with karyotype 46,XY. Hum. Genet. 1987, 77: 188–192.
NIELSEN J., PELSENS B., SORENSEN K.: Follow-up of 30 Klinefelter males treated with testosterone. Clin. Genet. 1988, 33: 262–269.
SALBENBLATT JA., BENDER BG., PUCK MH. et al.: Pituitary-gonadadal function in Klinefelter syndrome before and during puberty. Pediatr. Res. 1985, 19: 82–86.
SCHWARTZ D., ROOT AW.: The Klinefelter syndrome of testicular dysgenesis. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 1991, 20: 153–163.
SOURIAL N., FENTON F.: Testosterone treatment of an XXYY male presenting with aggression. A case report. Can. J. Psychiatry. 1988, 33: 846–850.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sultan, C., Lobaccaro, J.M., Lumbroso, S. et al. Le syndrome de Klinefelter chez l'enfant. Androl. 4, 283–287 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03034316
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03034316