Skip to main content
Download PDF
  • Articles de Revue
  • Published:

Cryptorchidie et cancer du testicule

Cryptorchidism and testicular cancer

Andrologie volume 4, pages 190–196 (1994)Cite this article

Abstract

A history of cryptorchidism is the only risk factor for testicular cancer that can be considered unequivocally established. The rate of cryptorchidism at age 3 months appears to have increased over the 30 years from 1.7% to 3.2%. From a review of the literature, the overall proportion of testicular cancer patients with a history of cryptorchidism is approximately 10%. Case-control studies indicate that the relative risks of testicular cancer associated with a history of cryptorchidism are about 6. Prevalence of testicular cancer in patients with a history of cryptorchidism could range between 2% and 3%, as reported in studies from North European Countries. Orchidopexy itself or age at orchidopexy seem to have no effect on the subsequent risk of testicular cancer; however, data from the literature are somewhat discrepant. But orchidopexy does seem to influence the histologic type of malignancy, with a lower frequency of seminoma. The developement of non invasive techniques is badly needed to allow population screening for testicular cancer.

Bibliographie

  1. Batata MA, Chu FC, Hilaris B et al.: Testicular cancer in cryptorchids. Cancer 1982; 49: 1023–1030.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chilvers C, Pike MC.: Epidemiology of undescended testis. In: Oliver RTD, Blandy JP, Hope-Stone HF, eds—Urological and genital cancer—Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1989; 306–321.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Collins DH, Pugh RCB: Classification and frequency of testicular tumours. Br J Urol. Suppl to 36, 1964; 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Depue RH, Pike MC, Henderson BE: Œstrogen exposures during gestation and risk of testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1983; 71: 1151–1153.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Depue RH, Pike MC, Henderson BE.: Cryptorchidism and testicular cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986; 77: 830–832.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Fargeot P.: Tumeurs germinales du testicule. Trois périodes thérapeutiques. Bull Cancer 1990; 77: 331–339.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Forman D, Oliver RTD, Brett AR, Marsh SGE, Moses JH et al.: Familial testicular cancer: a report of the UK family register, estimation of risk and an HLA Class 1 sib-pair analysis. Br J Cancer 1992; 65: 255–262.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Gehring CG, Rodriguez FR, Woohead DM.: Malignant degeneration of cryptorchid testies following orchipexy. J Urol 1974; 112: 354–356.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Giwercman A, Grinsted J, Hansen B, Jensen OM, Skakkebæk NE.: Testicular cancer risk in boys with maldescended testis: A cohort study. J Urol 1987; 138: 1214–1216.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Giwercman A, Bruun E, Frimodt-Möller C, Skakkebæk NE.: Prevalence of carcinoma in situ and other histopathological abnormalities in testes of men with a history of cryptorchidism. J Urol 1989; 142: 998–1002.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Giwercman A.: Carcinoma-in-situ of the testis. screening and management. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1992; suppl 148: 1–47.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Giwercman A, Berthelsen JG, Müller J, Von Der Maase H, Skakkebæk NE.: Screening for carcinoma-in-situ of the testis. Int J Androl 1987; 10: 173–180.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Halme A, Kellokumpu-Lethinen P, Lethonen T, Teppo L.: Morphology of testicular germ cell tumours in treated and untreated cryptorchidism. Br J Urol 1989; 64: 78–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Haughey BP, Graham S, Brasure J, Zielezny M, Sufrin G, Burnett WS.: The epidemiology of testicular cancer in upstate New-York. Am J Epidemiol 1989; 130: 25–36.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Henderson BE, Benton B, Jing J, Yu MC, Pike MC.: Risk factors for cancer of the testis in young men. Int J Cancer 1979; 23: 598–602.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. John Radcliffe: Hospital Cryptorchidism Study Group. Cryptorchidism: a prospective study of 7500 consecutive male births, 1984–88. Arch Dis Child 1992; 67: 892–899.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jones B, Thornhill JA, O’Donnel B et al.: Influence of prior orchidopexy on stage and testicular prognosis of testicular cancer. Eur Urol 1991; 19: 201–203.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Miller A, Seljelid R.: Histopathologie classification and natural history of malignant testis tumors in Norway, 1959–1963. Cancer 1971; 28: 1054–1059.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Mills PK, Newell GR, Johnson DE.: Testicular cancer associated with employment in agriculture and oil and natural gas extraction. Lancet 1984; i: 207–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Morrison AS.: Cryptochidism, hernia and cancer of the testis. J Natl Cancer Inst 1976; 56: 731–733.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Moss AR, Osmond D, Bacchetti P, Tosti FM, Gurgin U.: Hormonal risk factors in testicular cancer. A casecontrol study. Am J Epidemiol 1986; 124: 39–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Pedersen KV, Boiesen P, Zetterlund CG.: Experience of screening for carcinoma-in-situ of the testis among young men with surgically corrected maldescended testis. Int J Androl 1987, 10: 181–186.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Pinczowski D, McLauglin JK, Adami H-O, Person I.: Occurence of testicular cancer in patients operated on for cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia. J Urol, 1991; 146: 1291–1294.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Pottern LM, Brown LM, Hoover RN, Javadpour N, O’Connell KJ, Stutzman RE, Blattner W.: Testicular cancer risk among young men: Role of cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985; 74: 377–381.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Raja MA, Oliver RTD, Badenoch D, Blandy JP.: Orchidopexy and transformation of seminoma to non-seminoma. Lancet. 1992; 339–930.

  26. Schottenfeld D, Warshauer ME, Sherlock S, Zauber AG, Leder M, Payne R.: The epidemiology of testicular cancer in young adults. Am J Epidemiol 1980; 112: 232–246.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Scorer CG. The descent of the testis. Arch Dis Child 1964; 39: 605–609.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Skakkebaek NE.: Possible carcinome in situ of the testis. Lancet. 1972; ii: 516–517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Stone JM, Cruikshank DG, Sanderman TF, Matthews JP.: Laterality, maldescent, trauma and other clinical factors in the epidemiology of testis cancer in Victoria, Australia. Br J Cancer 1991; 64: 132–138.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Strader CH, Weiss NS, Daling JR, Karagas MR, McKnight B.: Cryptorchidism, orchidopexy and the risk of testicular cancer. Am J Epidemiol 1988; 127: 1013–1018.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Swerdlow AJ, Wood KH, Smith PG.: A case-control study of the aetiology of cryptochidism. J Epidemiol Commun Health 1983; 37: 238–244.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Thornhill JA, Conroy RM, Kelly DG, Walsh A, Fennelly JJ, Fitzpatrick JA.: An evaluation of predisposing factors for testis cancer in Ireland. Eur Urol 1988; 14: 429–433.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre de Stérilité Masculine, Hôpital la Grave, Toulouse

    R. Mieusset

  2. Laboratoire d’Histologie, Hôpital Rangueil, Toulouse

    R. Mieusset

Authors
  1. R. Mieusset
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mieusset, R. Cryptorchidie et cancer du testicule. Androl. 4, 190–196 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03034284

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03034284

Key words

Basic and Clinical Andrology

ISSN: 2051-4190