Table 1 General characteristics of the headless spermatozoa group and control group
From: Semen parameters are seriously affected in acephalic spermatozoa syndrome
| Â | Headless spermatozoa group | Control group | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 391 | 413 | Â |
Demographic information | |||
 Age (year) | 30(27–32) | 29(27–34) | 0.9343 |
 BMI (kg/m2) | 23.9 (22.7–26.5) | 24.5 (23.2–26.7) | 0.1363 |
 Prenatal examination patients (no. [%]) | 42(2.5%) | 413(100%) | < 0.0001 |
 PHS(%) | 0(0–0) | 38(26–56) | < 0.0001 |
 Current smoker (no. [%]) | 42(10.7%) | 51(12.3%) | 0.4764 |
 Abstinence delay (day) | 4(3–5) | 3(3–5) | 0.4842 |
Semen parameters | |||
 Semen volume (ml) | 3.3(2.5–4.1) | 3.4(2.6–4.4) | 0.9654 |
 Round cells (millions /ml) | 0.2(0.2–0.5) | 0.3(0.2–0.5) | 0.0610 |
 Sperm concentration (millions/ml) | 73.8(36.9–131.6) | 87.3(53.3–138.6) | 0.0034 |
 Total sperm count (millions/ejaculate) | 236.5(108.7–419.4) | 296.6(178.1–439.5) | 0.0005 |
 Sperm vitality (%) | 77(70–81) | 79(72–84) | 0.0001 |
 Progressive motility (%) | 49(37–61) | 59(45–68) | < 0.0001 |
 Normal sperm morphology (%) | 3.9(2–6) | 4.9(3–6.9) | < 0.0001 |
 VCL (μm/sec) | 35.1(25.0–45.2) | 38.2(28.5–47.3) | 0.0109 |
 VAP (μm/sec) | 25.3(17.6–32.7) | 27.6(20.4–33.9) | 0.0245 |
 ALH (μm/sec) | 3.14(2.3–3.9) | 3.3(2.5–4.2) | 0.0025 |
 BCF (Hz) | 9.9(7.6–12.1) | 10.6(8.5–12.5) | 0.0092 |