Studies on improving semen quality and increasing pregnancy chances through the in vitro addition of L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 to semen in patients with asthenozoospermia

Table 3 Pregnancy rate/time to conception/treatment cost between groups were compared in the patients of asthenozoospermia

Groups Parameters	PA-LC + CoQ10 (n = 63)	PA-LC (n = 55)	PA-CoQ10 (n = 48)	OR-LC + CoQ10 (n = 66)	Total (n = 232)	F/χ²	P-value
Pregnancy rate (%)	57.1^c,d,e (36/63)	38.2^b (21/55)	35.4^a (17/48)	30.3 (20/66)	40.5 (94/232)	3.684	0.013*
Abortion rate (%)	5.6 (2/36)	4.8 (1/21)	11.8 (2/17)	10.0 (2/20)	7.5 (7/94)	0.341	0.796*
Time to conception (months)	3.4 ± 0.9^c,d,e	6.1 ± 1.8^b	6.2 ± 1.8^a	7.9 ± 2.0	5.5 ± 2.4	99.925	< 0.001†
Treatment cost (US$)	1348 ± 411^c,d,e	2350 ± 457^b	2455 ± 434^a	2684 ± 334	2056 ± 701	59.932	< 0.001†

Data are presented as mean ± SD or as percentages (%)
P-values were calculated using †one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA), and the Bonferroni t test was used for multiple comparisons, *Chi-squared test of rows x columns, and the Bonferroni correction was used for multiple comparisons. Among them, the effect of PA-LC + CoQ10 on increasing the pregnancy rate, shortening the time to conception and reducing treatment costs was different from that of PA-LC, PA-CoQ10 and OR-LC + CoQ10 (all P < 0.05). It can be considered that the PA-LC + CoQ10 is superior to the PA-LC, PA-CoQ10 in increasing the pregnancy rate, shortening the time to conception and reducing treatment costs
The boldface represents statistical significance
Abbreviations: PA-LC Prodom-assisted L-carnitine treatment, PA-CoQ10 Prodom-assisted Coenzyme Q10 treatment, PA-LC + CoQ10 Prodom-assisted L-carnitine combined with Coenzyme Q10 treatment, OR-LC + CoQ10 L-carnitine combined with Coenzyme Q10 oral treatment, SD standard deviation
^aRepresents a significant difference between the PA-CoQ10 group and the OR-LC + CoQ10 group
^brepresents a significant difference between the PA-LC group and the OR-LC + CoQ10 group
^cRepresents a significant difference between the PA-LC + CoQ10 group and the OR-LC + CoQ10 group
^dRepresents a significant difference between the PA-LC + CoQ10 group and the PA-CoQ10 group
^erepresents a significant difference between the PA-LC + CoQ10 group and the PA-LC group

ISSN: 2051-4190