Characteristics | Total (n = 195) | Sperm survival test | P-valuea | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abnormal SST (n = 113) | Normal SST (n = 82) | |||
Age (years) (mean ± SD) | 34.73 ± 5.51 | 35.30 ± 5.65 | 33.95 ± 5.25 | 0.09 |
Infertility type [n (%)] | ||||
Primary | 128 (65.6%) | 79 (69.9%) | 49 (59.8%) | 0.15 |
Secondary | 67 (34.4%) | 34 (30.1%) | 33 (40.2%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) (mean ± SD) | 22.93 ± 2.96 | 23.24 ± 3.27 | 22.50 ± 2.42 | 0.47 |
< 23 [n (%)] | 102 (52.3%) | 54 (52.9%) | 48 (47.1%) | 0.15 |
≥ 23 [n (%)] | 93 (47.7%) | 59 (63.4%) | 34 (36.6%) | |
WC (cm) (mean ± SD) | 82.55 ± 8.60 | 83.54 ± 8.91 | 81.18 ± 8.01 | 0.59 |
< 90 [n (%)] | 149 (76.4%) | 79 (69.9%) | 70 (83.3%) | 0.01 |
≥ 90 [n (%)] | 46 (23.6%) | 34 (30.1%) | 12 (16.7%) | |
WHR (mean ± SD) | 0.87 ± 0.06 | 0.87 ± 0.06 | 0.86 ± 0.06 | 0.26 |
≤ 0.9 [n (%)] | 142 (72.8%) | 77 (54.2%) | 65 (45.8%) | 0.09 |
> 0.9 [n (%)] | 53 (27.2%) | 36 (67.9%) | 17 (32.1%) | |
Blood pressure (mean ± SD) | ||||
SBP (mmHg) [n (%)] | 112.64 ± 7.87 | 112.61 ± 8.69 | 112.68 ± 6.63 | 0.95 |
DBP (mmHg) [n (%)] | 71.33 ± 5.53 | 71.32 ± 5.99 | 71.34 ± 4.84 | 0.98 |
Lipid profile (mean ± SD) | ||||
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.77 ± 0.92 | 4.77 ± 0.90 | 4.76 ± 0.95 | 0.91 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 2.21 ± 1.30 | 2.35 ± 1.31 | 2.02 ± 1.27 | 0.09 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.22 ± 0.87 | 3.24 ± 0.86 | 3.20 ± 0.89 | 0.73 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.22 ± 0.31 | 1.20 ± 0.28 | 1.26 ± 0.34 | 0.22 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) (mean ± SD) | 5.47 ± 0.88 | 5.54 ± 1.02 | 5.37 ± 0.63 | 0.16 |
Alcohol consumption [n (%)] | ||||
Yes | 45 (23.1%) | 28 (62.2%) | 17 (37.8%) | 0.51 |
No | 150 (76.9%) | 85 (56.7%) | 65 (43.3%) | |
Smoking [n (%)] | ||||
Yes | 34 (17.4%) | 23 (67.6%) | 11 (32.4%) | 0.21 |
No | 161 (82.6%) | 90 (55.9%) | 71 (44.1%) | |
Fresh semen analysis (mean ± SD) | ||||
pH | 7.08 ± 0.26 | 7.06 ± 0.23 | 7.11 ± 0.29 | 0.22 |
Sexual abstinence (days) | 4.20 ± 1.31 | 4.21 ± 1.33 | 4.18 ± 1.29 | 0.88 |
Semen volume (ml) | 1.84 ± 0.95 | 1.71 ± 0.88 | 2.02 ± 1.01 | 0.01 |
Sperm count (×106/ml) | 33.80 ± 12. | 32.91 ± 15.37 | 35.01 ± 13.35 | 0.32 |
Sperm vitality (%) | 81.44 ± 7.63 | 80.39 ± 8.88 | 82.89 ± 5.20 | 0.06 |
Progressive motility (%) | 33.26 ± 10.84 | 32.64 ± 11.98 | 34.12 ± 9.04 | 0.33 |
Normal sperm morphology (%) | 3.89 ± 2.22 | 3.76 ± 2.18 | 4.06 ± 2.27 | 0.28 |