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Fig. 2 | Basic and Clinical Andrology

Fig. 2

From: Excessive unilateral proliferation of spermatogonia in a patient with non-obstructive azoospermia – adverse effect of clomiphene citrate pre-treatment?

Fig. 2

Immunohistochemical analysis of germ and Sertoli cells. Pictures a, c, and e show intact spermatogenesis (NSP) as control, pictures b, d, and f show spermatogonial arrest (patient’s left testis). a, b By using germ cell marker MAGEA4, we were able to differentiate Adark spermatogonia (black arrowheads) and Apale spermatogonia (black arrows) in NSP. In spermatogonial arrest, cells were MAGEA4-positive and therefore identified as spermatogonia. Sertoli cells (circles) and single megalospermatocytes (asterisk) were not stained. c, d Vimentin was present in Sertoli cell cytoplasm (ovals) in NSP and arrest. The upper tubule in D contains single spermatocytes and shows normal vimentin distribution. In the lower tubule, less intense vimentin staining in Sertoli cells were visible. e, f No specific cytokeratin 18 staining was detected in NSP and arrested spermatogenesis. Aminoethyl carbazole (AEC) detection, bar 50 μm, inset as negative control without first antibody

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