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Fig. 2 | Basic and Clinical Andrology

Fig. 2

From: Associations of bedtime, sleep duration, and sleep quality with semen quality in males seeking fertility treatment: a preliminary study

Fig. 2

Proportions of normal and reduced semen quality in relation to sleep parameters. a Proportions of normal and reduced semen quality grouped by early (8:00 PM - 10:29 PM), regular (10:30 PM - 11:29 PM), and late (11:30 PM - 1:59 AM) bedtime. b Proportions of normal and reduced semen quality grouped by very short (< 7 h), short (7–7.49 h), conventional (7.5–7.99 h), and long (≥8 h) sleep duration. C) Proportions of normal and reduced semen quality grouped by optimal (PSQI ≤6), borderline (PSQI 7–8), and poor (PSQI ≥9) sleep quality. The numbers in the bars represent number of observations. PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index global score. *Statistically significant at p < 0.05 when adjusting for age, smoking status, and alcohol consumption

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Basic and Clinical Andrology

ISSN: 2051-4190