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Table 1 A summary of penile lymphangioma cases reported in the literature

From: Penile Lymphangioma: review of the literature with a case presentation

Author

Diagnosis

Age of Onset

Causes/Comorbidities

Location

Treatment

Outcome

Present case

Acquired

30 years old with 21-year history

Skin of penis caught in zipper when patient was 9 years old

Asymptomatic bumps circumferentially around distal shaft of penis

Surgical resection

No pain, erythema or discharge found at 1 month follow-up

Gupta S et al. [11]

Acquired

20 years old

Recurrent swelling with multiple, minute, papulo-vesicular lesions in right foot and leg from age of 3–4 months

Asymptomatic papular lesions on penis and scrotum present for 2–3 months

Simple electrofulguration of visible papulo-vesicles on penis

Acquired

35 years old with 20-year history

Papular lesions and gradual swelling of scrotum and penis (shaft, frenulum and around external urethral meatus)

No intervention

S Adikari et al. [10]

Acquired

47 years old with 25-year history

Misdiagnosed as genital warts, treated for gonorrhea 5 years after

Smooth to palpation, wart-like lesion on dorsal aspect of penis, otherwise asymptomatic

Surgical excision

Successful with no sign of reccurrence

D. M. Piernick 2nd et al. [8]

Acquired

48 years old with 5-year history

Hidradenitis suppurativa of buttocks, gluteal cleft and perineal area

Asymptomatic, multiple semitranslucent skin colored papules coalescing into plaques on penile shaft, scrotum and perineum

None

Errichetti et al. [4]

Acquired

61 years old with 1-year history

Severe phimosis

Constricting phimotic ring and considerable edema of glans and distal foreskin with several translucent preputial papulovesicles (some slightly hyperkeratotic) localized close to balanopreputial sulcus

None - patient was waiting for surgery to correct phimosis – no follow-up information was provided

Zhang et al. [6]

Acquired

8 years old with 2-week history

Surgery to correct phimosis

Asymptomatic, multiple small vesicular lesions on glans

“watch and wait” policy

Lesions resolved in 3 weeks

Dehner LP. et al. [21]

Acquired

39 years old with 6-week history

Shaft, dorsum of penis

Surgical excision

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Ferris et al. [2]

Acquired

35 years old with 30-year history

Measles? Circumcision? Pneumonia? All illnesses exacerbated condition

Lesions on foreskin of penis, scrotum and adjacent areas of the thigh and perineum

Surgical excision with skin graft

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Hagiwara et al. [9]

Acquired

65 years old with 18-year history

Filariasis

Scrotum, extending to foreskin

Surgical excision and skin grafting

Successful with no sign of recurrence - transient penile edema present for few weeks

Sadikoglu et al. [5]

Acquired (inferred)

15 years old with 3-year history

Blunt trauma caused skin thickening

Penile and scrotal skin

Surgical excision and skin grafting

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Kokcam et al. [19]

Acquired (inferred)

19 years old with 3-year history

Multiple translucent and hemorrhagic vesicles on shaft and glans of penis. Surface was smooth, some umbilicated

Pt refused surgical intervention, advised to avoid mechanical trauma, apply silver sulfadiazine cream to ruptured lesions

No new lesions, overall number of lesions declined markedly with no other complications

Latifoglu et al. [22]

Acquired (inferred)

10 years old with 6-year history

Penoscrotal lymphedema with erythematous plaque (irregular, well-defined border) on penile shaft and gelatinous-appearing, coalescent, verrucous vesicles and papules on scrotum

Surgical resection

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Maloudijan et al. [26]

Acquired (inferred)

50 years old with 10-year history

Asymptomatic, 2 mm large vesicular lesions in sulcus coronarius from adjacent foreskin and glans

Patient abstained

Cestaro et al. [23]

Acquired (inferred)

24 years old

HPV - genotype 6 comorbidity

Lesions on inguinal area, scrotum, penis, glans with associated edema of penis and lips

Surgery

Successful with no recurrence

Shi G. et al. [7]

Acquired [inferred]

23 years old with 40-day history

Circumcision following phimosis 5 years ago

Asymptomatic translucent, yellowish, elevated, thick walled cystic lesions on right side of glans

2940 nm nonablative fractional Er:YAG laser at 2–3 week intervals with power density of 3 J/cm2 at 20 ms and a 5 mm spot size

Lesions disappeard obviously after 4 sessions, no recurrence, dyspigmentation and paresthesia

Shah A. et al. [24]

Acquired [inferred]

11 years old with few month history

Asymptomatic, soft mass on dorsal aspect of penis with extension towards right hemiscrotum

Local surgical resection

Recurrence 11 months following surgery

Bardazzi et al. [25]

Acquired [inferred]

45 years old

Sulcus of prepuce

Diathermy

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Llanes et al. [16]

Cavernous

20 years old

Soft lesion in dorsal area of prepuce

Circumcision

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Hayashi et al. [17]

Cavernous

32 years old

Tumor on coronary sulcus of glans and submucosa

Cavernous

35 years old

Tumor on coronary sulcus of glans and submucosa

Geuekdjian et al. [27]

Circumscriptum

3 years old

Congenital [inferred]

Asymptomatic, edematous swelling of penis particularly in skin spreading upwards to left groin

En bloc resection

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Demir et al. [18]

Circumscriptum

21 years old with history since childhood

Congenital [inferred]

Recurrent infections, drainage of vascular lesions, penoscrotal deformity and inability to have sexual intercourse

Surgical excision

Successful, no sign of remission

Ferro et al. [3]

Circumscriptum

16 years old

Congenital [inferred]

Tense vesicles filled with clear fluid on coronal region

3 surgeries - remission every time. Denuded penis buried in tunnel guided through scrotum, 6 months after - shaft lift and recreated with scrotal skin

No negative consequences, local hairiness treated cosmetically

Osborne et al. [14]

Circumscriptum

45 years old

Lichen planus - treated with cryotherapy

Cluster of translucent vesicles on shaft of penis and coronal sulcus. Balanomegaly.

Treatment declined

Tsur et al. [28]

Circumscriptum

8 month old

Congenital [inferred]

asymptomatic elevated lesions on glans penis around meatus and dorsal aspect of penis

Surgical excision

Successful with no sign of recurrence

Drago et al. [12]

Circumscriptum

27 years old

Ulceritive colitis

 

Handa et al. [29]

Circumscriptum

10 years old with 9 year history

Congenital [inferred]

Penis, scrotum, groins bilaterally

Swanson et al. [13]

Circumscriptum

16 years old

Recurrent cellulitis of the penis and scrotum

Subcutaneous tissue of penis proximal to glans and skin of left proximal scrotum

Greiner et al. [15]

Circumscriptum cysticum

13 years old

Congenital malformation

Edematous thickening of penile and scrotal skin

  1. A summary of penile lymphangioma cases reported in the literature