Table 1 List of miRNAs related to male idiopathic fertility disorders and their putative functions

Fertile (controls)

Spermatozoa

-

miR-34b-3p [46]

E2F-pRb regulation

-

miR-132-3p [46]

Cell cycle progression

-

miR-191-3p [46]

Sperm differentiation

-

miR-30b-5p, miR-30c-5p, miR-375, miR-19b-3p, miR-200c-3p [46]

Cancer and aging

-

miR-891a, miR-1233-3p [46]

Unknown biological function

NOA

Testis tissue

Down

miR-1, miR-181a, miR-221, miR-9*, miR-371, miR-372, miR-373 [49]

Development of human testis germ cell tumors

Idiopathic infertility

(NOA, Asthenozoospermia,

Oligozoospermia,

Astheno-Oligozoospermia)

Seminal plasma, Spermatozoa,

Extracellular Microvesicles,

Up

mir-429 [36, 48, 51, 52]

Spermatogenesis

miR-1275 [47, 53]

Spermatozoa,

Extracellular Microvesicles

Down

miR-15b [47, 48, 51, 53]

Spermatozoa, Seminal plasma

Up

miR-141 [36, 48, 51]

Embryonic development

Spermatozoa

Up

miR-19b [47, 54], miR-483-5p [47, 53]

Unknown

Spermatozoa

Down

miR-19a [48, 53], miR-1973 [48, 51]

Unknown

Spermatozoa,

Extracellular Microvesicles

miR-28-5p [47, 53]

NOA

Seminal plasma, Spermatozoa,

Testis tissue

Up

miR-429 [36, 48, 52]

Spermatogenesis

Spermatozoa

Down

miR-34* [52], miR-34c-5p [48, 52, 55], miR-122 [48, 52, 55]

Asthenozoospermia

Spermatozoa

Up

miR-27a [47, 57]

Signaling pathway

Spermatozoa

Up

miR-548b-5p, miR548c-5p, miR-548d-5p [47]

Spermatozoa

Down

miR-34b-3p [47, 51]

Spermatogenesis

Spermatozoa

Down

miR-520 h, miR-520d-3p [47]

Embryonic development

Oligo-Astheno-Zoospermia

Spermatozoa

Down

miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-30, miR-34b, miR-34c-5p, miR-193-5p [51, 53]

Spermatogenesis

Oligozoospermia and Teratozoospermia

Spermatozoa

Down

miR-151-5p [47]

Aging

miR-935, miR-125a-3p [47]

Cell cycle and chromatin modification

miR-132-5p, miR-320b, miR-195-5p [47]

Cellular component morphogenesis and cell morphogenesis