Hormonal, chemical and thermal inhibition of spermatogenesis: contribution of French teams to international data with the aim of developing male contraception in France

Table 1 Effects on spermatogenesis inhibition of various progestins combined with either dihydrosterone gel (italic), testosterone patch (underlined), or testosterone in solution or in hydroalcoholic gel formulations (bold)

Authors	Progestin	Route ^a	Dose	Percutaneous androgen	Dose (mg/day)	Nb ^b	<1 million/ml at 3 months (%)^c
DHT gel
Guérin & Rollet 1988 [25]	MPA	O	20 mg/d ^d	Andractim ^TM	125	10	0
Pöllänen et al. 2001 [28]	LN	I	75,150,300 μg/d	Andractim ^TM	250	23	0
Pöllänen et al. 2001 [28]	LN	O	30 μg/d	Andractim ^TM	250	7	0
T patch
Büchter et al. 1999 [29]	LN	O	250–500 μg/d	Testoderm ^TM	5	11	0
Hair et al. 2001 [30]	DG	O	75 μg/d	Andropatch ^TM	5	4	0
			150 μg/d	Andropatch ^TM	5	6	50
			300 μg/d	Andropatch ^TM	5	7	70
Gonzalo et al. 2002 [31]	LN	I	160 μg/d	Testoderm ^TM	10 ^e	20	45
Gonzalo et al. 2002 [31]	LN	O	125 μg/d	Testoderm ^TM	10 ^e	15	30
T solution or gel
Soufir et al. 1983 [19]	MPA	O	20 mg/d	PA ^f	50–100	6	80
Soufir et al. 2011 [22]	MPA	O	20 mg/d	PA/Testogel ^TM	50–125	35	80
Guérin & Rollet 1988 [25]	NT	O	5 mg/d	Testogel ^TM	250	5	100
Guérin & Rollet 1988 [25]	NT	O	10 mg/d	Testogel ^TM	250	5	100
Page et al. 2006 [32]	DMPA	IM	300 mg/3 months	Testim ^TM	100	21	76
Ilani et al. 2012 [35]	N	P	8 mg/d	Androgel ^TM	100	20	85
Ilani et al. 2012 [35]	N	P	12 mg/d	Androgel ^TM	100	19	85

Legend
^aRoute of administration; ^bnumber of men; ^cpercentage of men with less than 1 million sperm/mL at 3 months of treatment; ^dday; ^e2 patches = 10 mg; ^f PA percutacrine androgénique^TM, solution of 100 mg T in 10 mL of 95% alcohol
DHT dihydrotestosterone, MPA medroxyprogesterone acetate, LN levonorgestrel, T testosterone, DG desogestrel, NT norethisterone, DMPA depomedroxyprogesterone acetate, N nestorone, O oral, I implant, IM intramuscular, P percutaneous

ISSN: 2051-4190