Testosterone and gonadotropins but not SHBG vary with CKD stages in young and middle aged men

Table 4 Comparison of the levels of sex hormones and lipid levels in serum in participants in stage CKD 1–5

	CKD 1	CKD 2	CKD 3	CKD 4	CKD 5	p
N = 101	23	20	27	13	18
S- Testosterone (nmol/L)	14.89 ± 3.91	14.10 ± 4.15	13.22 ± 3.81	10.81 ± 4.53	8.82 ± 3.81	<0.01
S-SHBG (nmol/L)	29.56 ± 12.73	35.50 ± 13.03	34.55 ± 13.51	33.07 ± 12.9	28.55 ± 13.47	ns
Free testosterone nmol/L	0.33 ± 0.10	0.28 ± 0.06	0.25 ± 0.05	0.19 ± 0.07	0.19 ± 0.08	<0.01
S-LH (U/L)	4.16 ± 2.07	3.33 ± 1.40	6.77 ± 4.22	6.50 ± 2.71	9.43 ± 7.60	<0.01
S-FSH (U/L)	3.67 ± 2.65	3.67 ± 2.06	6.85 ± 4.04	5.21 ± 4.82	13.51 ± 6.98	ns
S-Prolactin (μg/L)	7.76 ± 2.04	8.54 ± 3.36	9.24 ± 2.47	16.50 ± 12.54	17.41 ± 2.13	<0.01
S-Cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.04 ± 1.14	5.03 ± 1.65	4.85 ± 1.06	4.72 ± 0.72	5.20 ± 1.30	n.s.
S-HDL (mmol/L)	1.20 ± 0.31	1.25 ± 0.24	1.2 ± 0.29	1.09 ± 0.24	1.24 ± 0.48	n.s.
S-LDL (mmol/L)	2.98 ± 0.99	3.34 ± 1.08	3.02 ± 0.97	2.70 ± 0.71	3.03 ± 1.21	n.s.
S-Tg (mmol/L)	1.65 ± 1.12	1.17 ± 0.66	1.33 ± 0.68	2.17 ± 1.43	2.61 ± 1.52	<0.01
S-glucose (mmol/L)	5.13 ± 0.59	5.07 ± 0.45	5.18 ± 0.67	4.80 ± 0.67	5.18 ± 0.62	n.s.

Values reported are mean ± SD. Linear trend between sex hormones and CKD staging was tested with one way ANOVA. Data were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. The conversion factor for prolactin from mass to units is 21.2. ((μg/L) x 21.2 = mIU/L)

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