Fig. 3

Dnali1 deficiency disrupts the ultrastructure of sperm flagella. A Expression of DNALI1 during spermatogenesis. Testis sections from adult WT male mice were immunostained with an anti-DNALI1 antibody (red). Nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). Scale bar, 20 μm. B Expression analysis of DNALI1 in testes from Dnali1^+/+ and Dnali1^−/− male mice. Testis sections from adult male mice were immunostained with an anti-DNALI1 antibody (red). Nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33342 (blue). Scale bar, 20 μm. C H&E staining of the testis and cauda epididymis obtained from Dnali1^+/+ and Dnali1^−/− male mice. Scale bar, 50 μm. D Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining of testis sections from adult Dnali1^+/+ and Dnali1^−/− mice. P: pachytene spermatocyte, M: meiotic spermatocyte, RS: round spermatid, ES: elongating spermatid. Scale bar, 5 μm. (E) Representative TEM images of cross-sections of the midpiece and the principal piece of Dnali1^+/+ and Dnali1^−/− sperm flagella. The flagella of Dnali1^−/− male mice displayed asymmetric LCs, displaying as two “protruding horns” (red dotted lines). Scale bar, 100 nm. WT, Wild-type; H&E, Hematoxylin and Eosin; TEM, Transmission electron microscopy; LC, longitudinal column (red arrows); CP, central pair of microtubules (pink arrows); ODF, outer dense fiber (yellow arrows); MTD, microtubule doublets (blue arrows); IDA, inner dynein arms (green arrows)